Probability
Definition
A numerical measure of the likelihood of an event occurring, expressed as a number between 0 (impossible) and 1 (certain). Formula: P(A) = Number of favorable outcomes / Total number of equally likely outcomes.
Example
"Probability of getting a Head on a fair coin = 1/2 = 0.5. Probability of rolling a 6 on a fair die = 1/6 ≈ 0.167."