Question Scenario
Mr. R extended a loan to Mr. D with X, Y, and Z as sureties. Each surety executed a bond with varying penalty amounts, X with a penalty of ₹ 10,000, Y with ₹ 20,000 and Z with ₹ 40,000, in the event of Mr. D's failure to repay the borrowed money to Mr. R. Examine the liabilities of the sureties in accordance with the Indian Contract Act, 1872, when Mr. D defaults to the tune of ₹ 42,000. Additionally, assess the situation, if there is no contractual arrangement among the sureties.