Mr. S was going through severe financial hardships. His wife suggested to take a gold loan. On 15th January 2025, he pledged his wife's jewellery worth 30 lakhs with one of his friend Mr. R and took a loan of 25 lakhs. On 17th January 2025, he sold total jewellery for 28 lakhs to M/S RL Jewellers Pitampura. The jeweller purchased it in good faith without knowing the fact that the jewellery was already pledged. After all this, Mr. S declared himself insolvent. When Mr. R came to know about this, he filed a suit against M/S RL Jewellers. But M/S RL Jewellers contended that they were unaware about pledge. With reference to provisions of the Sale of Goods Act, 1930 what is the remedial action available to Mr. R?

According to Section 30(1) of the Sale of Goods Act, 1930, if a person has sold goods but continues to be in possession of them or of the documents of title to them, he may sell them to a third person, and if such person obtains the delivery thereof in good faith and without notice of the previous sale, he would have good title to them, although the property in the goods had passed to the first buyer earlier. A pledge or other disposition of the goods or documents of title by the seller in possession are equally valid. Therefore, in the instant case, RL Jewellers have got good title over the jewellery sold by Mr. S and Mr. R cannot take any action against RL Jewellers. However, Since Mr. S has violated the condition of pledge, he can claim only from the property of Mr. S as he has become insolvent.