i) When is the contract of sale in an auction complete?\nii) What is the effect of pretended bidding by the seller in an auction?\niii) Can the seller reserve a right to bid at his own auction? If yes, how?

An ‘Auction Sale’ is a mode of selling property by inviting bids publicly and the property is sold to the highest bidder. An auctioneer is an agent governed by the Law of Agency. When he sells, he is only the agent of the seller. He may, however, sell his own property as the principal and need not disclose the fact that he is so selling.\nLegal Rules of Auction sale: Section 64 of the Sale of Goods Act, 1930 provides following rules to regulate the sale by auction: \ni) Completion of the contract of sale: The sale is complete when the auctioneer announces its completion by the fall of hammer or in any other customary manner. Until such announcement is made, any bidder may retract from his bid.\nii) Pretended bidding: If the seller makes use of pretended bidding to raise the price, the sale is voidable at the option of the buyer. \niii) Right to bid may be reserved: Right to bid may be reserved expressly by or on behalf of the seller and where such a right is expressly reserved, but not otherwise, the seller or any one person on his behalf may bid at the auction.