Source: Note : Same question is repeated many times with Mr. Dhruv replaced as Mr. Samyak and Seven Stars is replaced with Nine Stars.5 Marks
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Question Scenario

Mr. Dhruv was appointed as an employee of Sunmoon Timber Private Limited on the condition that if he were to leave his employment, he will not solicit customers of the company. After some time, he was fired from company. He set up his own business under proprietorship and undercut Sunmoon Timber Private Limited’s prices. On the legal advice from his legal consultant and to refrain from the provisions of breach of contract, he formed a new company under the name Seven Stars Timbers Private Limited. In this company, his wife and a friend of Mr. Dhruv were the sole shareholders and directors. They took over Dhruv’s business and continued it. Sunmoon Timber Private Limited filed a suit against Seven Stars Timbers Private Limited for violation of contract. Seven Stars Timbers Private Limited argued that the contract was entered into between Mr. Dhruv and Sunmoon Timber Private Limited and as company has separate legal entity, Seven Stars Timbers Private Limited has not violated the terms of agreement. Explain with reasons, whether separate legal entity between Mr. Dhruv and Seven Stars Timbers Private Limited will be disregarded?

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Suggested Answer

It was decided by the court in the case of Gilford Motor Co. Vs. Horne, if the company is formed simply as a mere device to evade legal obligations, though this is only in limited and discrete circumstances, courts can pierce the corporate veil. In other words, if the company is mere sham or cloak, the separate legal entity can be disregarded. On considering the decision taken in Gilford Motor Co. Vs. Horne and facts of the problem given, it is very much clear that Seven Stars Timbers Private Limited was formed just to evade legal obligations of the agreement between Mr. Dhruv and Sunmoon Timber Private Limited. Hence, Seven Stars Timbers Private Limited is just a sham or cloak and the separate legal entity between Mr. Dhruv and Seven Stars Timbers Private Limited should be disregarded.

Exam Strategy Tip

When answering law questions in the CA Foundation exam, follow the "Provision -> Facts -> Conclusion" structure for maximum marks. Ensure to state the relevant sections where applicable to earn bonus marks from the evaluator.

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