students are classified into male/female and graduate/non-graduate classes. This data classification is
Options
ACardinal data
BOrdinal data
CSpatial Series data
DTemporal data
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Statistical Description of DataMTP Dec 2023 Series IIQuestion 2671 of 295
All Questions Correct Answer
✅ Option a — Cardinal data
All Options:
- ACardinal data
- BOrdinal data
- CSpatial Series data
- DTemporal data
Detailed Solution & Explanation
To determine the nature of the data classification, let's analyze the characteristics of the data and classification:
1. The 100 students are classified simultaneously based on two attributes: gender (male/female) and education level (graduate/non-graduate). This is a two-way (manifold) classification of qualitative attributes.
2. In statistics, when we classify and record the *number* of individuals falling into each category (e.g., counting the number of male graduates, female non-graduates, etc.), the resulting values represent counts or frequencies, which are represented by cardinal numbers (cardinal data).
3. Let's compare with the other options:
- **Ordinal Data**: Data that has a natural order or ranking (e.g., high/medium/low, grades A/B/C). Gender and graduate status do not have an inherent ranking.
- **Spatial Data**: Data classified based on geographical location.
- **Temporal Data**: Data classified according to time periods.
Thus, since the classification involves counting quantities in categorical groups without inherent rankings, it represents Cardinal data in this context. While the original answer key marked Option B (Ordinal data), this is incorrect because there is no natural hierarchy/ordering in gender or graduate status. The correct classification is Cardinal data, corresponding to Option A.
Hence, **Option A** is the correct answer.
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