Accounting ProcessQuestion 5010 of 84
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One of your clients Mr. X asked you to finalize his account for the year ended 31st March, 2022.
As a basis for audit Mr. X furnished you with the following statement:
| Particulars | Dr. (Rs.) | Cr. (Rs.) | | :------------------ | --------: | --------: | | X's Capital | | 4,668 | | X's Drawings | 1,692 | | | Leasehold Premises | 2,250 | | | Sales | | 8,250 | | Due from customers | 1,590 | | | Purchases | 3,777 | | | Purchase Return | | 792 | | Loan from Bank | | 768 | | Trade Expense | 2,100 | | | Trade Payable | | 1,584 | | Bills Payable | | 300 | | Salaries and Wages | 1,800 | | | Cash at Bank | 678 | | | Opening Inventory | 792 | | | Rent and Rates | 1,389 | | | Sales Return | 294 | | | **Total** | **16,362** | **16,362** |
The closing inventory was Rs. 1,722. Mr. X claims that he has recorded every transaction correctly as the trial balance is tallied. Check the accuracy of the above trial balance and give reasons for the errors, if any.
[June 2022, 4 Marks]; [MTP Jan. 2025; Modified Figures-3X]

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Detailed Solution & Explanation

In the Books of Mr. X
Corrected Trial Balance as on 31st March, 2022
| Name of Accounts | Dr. | Cr. | | :----------------- | :----- | :----- | | X's Capital | - | 4,668 | | X's Drawings | 1,692 | - | | Leasehold Premises | 2,250 | - | | Sales | - | 8,250 | | Due from customers | 1,590 | - | | Purchases | 3,777 | - | | Purchase Return | - | 792 | | Loan from Bank | - | 768 | | Trade Expense | 2,100 | - | | Trade Payable | - | 1,584 | | Bills Payable | - | 300 | | Salaries and Wages | 1,800 | - | | Cash at Bank | 678 | - | | Opening Inventory | 792 | - | | Rent and Rates | 1,389 | - | | Sales Return | 294 | - | | **Total** | **16,362** | **16,362** |
Reasons: 1. Due from customer & opening inventory are treated as assets of the business so they are recorded in the debit side of trial balance. 2. Trade payable & Bills Payable are treated as liabilities so they are recorded on a credit side of trial balance. 3. Purchase return & Sales return always show the credit balance & debit balance respectively.

About This Chapter: Accounting Process

Paper

Paper 1: Accounting

Weightage

25-30%

Key Topics

Journal, Ledger, Trial Balance, Cash Book, Rectification

This chapter covers Journal, Ledger, Trial Balance, Cash Book, Rectification and is part of Paper 1: Accounting in the CA Foundation exam.

View Official ICAI Syllabus

Exam Strategy Tip

This topic carries 25-30% weightage. Focus on understanding core concepts rather than memorizing.

Key Concepts to Understand

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