**Let** original mean = xˉ, original SD = σ\displaystyle σ\displaystyle \sigmaσσ
**When 5 is subtracted:** Mean becomes xˉ−5\displaystyle xˉ−5\displaystyle \bar{x} - 5xˉ−5xˉ−5, SD stays σ\displaystyle σ\displaystyle \sigmaσσ.
CV1=σxˉ−5×100=10CV_1 = σxˉ−5\displaystyle \frac{\sigma}{\bar{x} - 5}xˉ−5σ ×\displaystyle \times× 100 = 10CV1=xˉ−5σ×100=10
σ=10(xˉ−5)100=xˉ−510⋯(1)\displaystyle \sigma = \frac{10(xˉ−5\displaystyle \bar{x} - 5xˉ−5)}{100} = xˉ−510\displaystyle \frac{\bar{x} - 5}{10}10xˉ−5 \quad \cdots (1)σ=10010(xˉ−5)=10xˉ−5⋯(1)
**When 5 is added:** Mean becomes xˉ+5\displaystyle xˉ+5\displaystyle \bar{x} + 5xˉ+5xˉ+5, SD stays σ\displaystyle σ\displaystyle \sigmaσσ.
CV2=σxˉ+5×100=8CV_2 = σxˉ+5\displaystyle \frac{\sigma}{\bar{x} + 5}xˉ+5σ ×\displaystyle \times× 100 = 8CV2=xˉ+5σ×100=8
σ=8(xˉ+5)100=xˉ+512.5⋯(2)\displaystyle \sigma = \frac{8(xˉ+5\displaystyle \bar{x} + 5xˉ+5)}{100} = xˉ+512.5\displaystyle \frac{\bar{x} + 5}{12.5}12.5xˉ+5 \quad \cdots (2)σ=1008(xˉ+5)=12.5xˉ+5⋯(2)
**Step 1:** Equate (1) and (2).
xˉ−510=8(xˉ+5)100\displaystyle \frac{\bar{x} - 5}{10} = \frac{8(xˉ+5\displaystyle \bar{x} + 5xˉ+5)}{100}10xˉ−5=1008(xˉ+5)
xˉ−510=xˉ+512.5\displaystyle \frac{\bar{x} - 5}{10} = \frac{\displaystyle \bar{x} + 5}{12.5}10xˉ−5=12.5xˉ+5
12.5(xˉ−5)=10(xˉ+5)12.5(xˉ−5\displaystyle \bar{x} - 5xˉ−5) = 10(xˉ+5\displaystyle \bar{x} + 5xˉ+5)12.5(xˉ−5)=10(xˉ+5)
12.5xˉ−62.5=10xˉ+5012.5xˉ−62\displaystyle \bar{x} - 62xˉ−62.5 = 10xˉ+50\displaystyle \bar{x} + 50xˉ+5012.5xˉ−62.5=10xˉ+50
2.5xˉ=112.52.5xˉ=112\displaystyle \bar{x} = 112xˉ=112.52.5xˉ=112.5
xˉ=45xˉ=45\displaystyle \bar{x} = 45xˉ=45xˉ=45
**Step 2:** Find σ\displaystyle σ\displaystyle \sigmaσσ from equation (1).
σ=45−510=4010=4σ=45−510=4010=4\displaystyle \sigma = \frac{45 - 5}{10} = \frac{40}{10} = 4σ=1045−5=1040=4σ=1045−5=1040=4
Wait — let me recheck: From (1): σ=xˉ−510=45−510=4\displaystyle \displaystyle \sigma = \frac{\displaystyle \bar{x}-5}{10} = \frac{45-5}{10} = 4σ=10xˉ−5=1045−5=4.
From (2): σ=8×50100=4\displaystyle \displaystyle \sigma = \frac{8 ×\displaystyle \times× 50}{100} = 4σ=1008×50=4 ✓
**Step 3:** Find original CV.
CV=σxˉ×100=445×100≈8.89%CV = σxˉ\displaystyle \frac{\sigma}{\bar{x}}xˉσ ×\displaystyle \times× 100 = 445\displaystyle \frac{4}{45}454 ×\displaystyle \times× 100 ≈\displaystyle \approx≈ 8.89\%CV=xˉσ×100=454×100≈8.89%
Hmm — 8.89% doesn't match any option exactly. Let me re-examine with equation setup.
From (1): $10(xˉ−5\displaystyle \bar{x}-5xˉ−5) = 100σ\displaystyle \sigmaσ \Rightarrow xˉ−5=10\displaystyle \bar{x} - 5 = 10xˉ−5=10σ\displaystyle \sigmaσ$
From (2): $8(xˉ+5\displaystyle \bar{x}+5xˉ+5) = 100σ\displaystyle \sigmaσ \Rightarrow xˉ+5=12\displaystyle \bar{x} + 5 = 12xˉ+5=12.5σ\displaystyle \sigmaσ$
Subtracting: (xˉ+5)−(xˉ−5)=12.5σ−10σ\displaystyle (xˉ+5\displaystyle \bar{x}+5xˉ+5) - (xˉ−5\displaystyle \bar{x}-5xˉ−5) = 12.5σ−10\displaystyle \sigma - 10σ−10σ\displaystyle \sigmaσ(xˉ+5)−(xˉ−5)=12.5σ−10σ
$10 = 2.5σ<span\displaystyle \sigma<spanσ<span class="katex">,so\displaystyle , so,soσ=4\displaystyle \sigma = 4σ=4$.
From (1):
xˉ=10σ+5=40+5=45\displaystyle xˉ=10\displaystyle \bar{x} = 10xˉ=10σ+5=40+5=45\displaystyle \sigma + 5 = 40 + 5 = 45σ+5=40+5=45xˉ=10σ+5=40+5=45.
Original CV =
445×100=8.89%\displaystyle 445\displaystyle \frac{4}{45}454 ×\displaystyle \times× 100 = 8.89\%454×100=8.89% ≈ None of these precisely.
But among given options, $7.5\%$ is selected by the key. Let me check if $
xˉ=40\displaystyle \bar{x} = 40xˉ=40$:
If
xˉ=40\displaystyle xˉ=40\displaystyle \bar{x} = 40xˉ=40xˉ=40: From (1):
σ=(40−5)/10=3.5\displaystyle σ\displaystyle \sigmaσ = (40-5)/10 = 3.5σ=(40−5)/10=3.5; From (2):
CV=3.5/45×100=7.78%\displaystyle CV = 3.5/45 ×\displaystyle \times× 100 = 7.78\%CV=3.5/45×100=7.78% ≠ 8%.
With our correct computation: CV = $8.89\%
≈\displaystyle \approx≈$ None of these (Option D).
Hence, **Option D** is the correct answer.