ProbabilityMCQPYQ Sep 24Question 3292 of 187
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Eight labourers are working at a construction side with the following wages for each day of working (in ₹): 500, 620, 400, 700, 450, 560, 620, 450. If one of the workers is selected at random, what is the probability that his wage would be less than the average wage?

Options

A0.375\displaystyle 0.375
B0.625\displaystyle 0.625
C0.500\displaystyle 0.500
D0.450\displaystyle 0.450
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Correct Answer

Option c0.500\displaystyle 0.500

All Options:

  • A0.375\displaystyle 0.375
  • B0.625\displaystyle 0.625
  • C0.500\displaystyle 0.500
  • D0.450\displaystyle 0.450

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Detailed Solution & Explanation

**Probability that Wage < Average Wage** Wages: 500, 620, 400, 700, 450, 560, 620, 450 **Step 1: Calculate average wage** Sum=500+620+400+700+450+560+620+450=4300\text{Sum} = 500 + 620 + 400 + 700 + 450 + 560 + 620 + 450 = 4300 Average=43008=537.5\text{Average} = \frac{4300}{8} = 537.5 **Step 2: Count workers earning less than 537.5** - 500 < 537.5 ✓ - 620 > 537.5 ✗ - 400 < 537.5 ✓ - 700 > 537.5 ✗ - 450 < 537.5 ✓ - 560 > 537.5 ✗ - 620 > 537.5 ✗ - 450 < 537.5 ✓ Workers with wages below average = **4** (wages: 500, 400, 450, 450) P(wage<average)=48=0.500P(\text{wage} < \text{average}) = \frac{4}{8} = 0.500 Hence, **Option C** is the correct answer.

About This Chapter: Probability

Paper

Paper 3: Quantitative Aptitude

Weightage

5-7 Marks

Key Topics

Probability Operations, Expected Value

A logic-heavy chapter dealing with random experiments, events (mutually exclusive, exhaustive), set theory probability, conditional probability, and Bayes' Theorem. It forms the basis for Theoretical Distributions.

View Official ICAI Syllabus

Exam Strategy Tip

Always draw a quick Venn Diagram or tree when faced with 'At least one' or 'Only A but not B' wording. It saves you from double-counting.

Key Concepts to Understand

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