ProbabilityMCQPYQ June 24Question 3342 of 187
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A company produces two types of products, A and B. The probability of defective product in type A is 0.05\displaystyle 0.05 and in type B is 0.03\displaystyle 0.03. If the company produces 60%\displaystyle 60\% type A and 40%\displaystyle 40\% type B, what is the probability of a randomly selected product being defective?

Options

A0.042\displaystyle 0.042
B0.03\displaystyle 0.03
C0.048\displaystyle 0.048
D0.052\displaystyle 0.052
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Correct Answer

Option a0.042\displaystyle 0.042

All Options:

  • A0.042\displaystyle 0.042
  • B0.03\displaystyle 0.03
  • C0.048\displaystyle 0.048
  • D0.052\displaystyle 0.052

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Detailed Solution & Explanation

**Probability of a Defective Product** Let A\displaystyle A and B\displaystyle B be the events that the selected product is of Type A and Type B, respectively. Let D\displaystyle D be the event that the product is defective. Given: - P(A)=60%=0.60\displaystyle P(A) = 60\% = 0.60 - P(B)=40%=0.40\displaystyle P(B) = 40\% = 0.40 - P(DA)=0.05\displaystyle P(D|A) = 0.05 - P(DB)=0.03\displaystyle P(D|B) = 0.03 By the Law of Total Probability: P(D)=P(DA)P(A)+P(DB)P(B)P(D) = P(D|A)P(A) + P(D|B)P(B) P(D)=(0.05×0.60)+(0.03×0.40)P(D) = (0.05 \times 0.60) + (0.03 \times 0.40) P(D)=0.030+0.012=0.042P(D) = 0.030 + 0.012 = 0.042 Hence, **Option A** is the correct answer.

About This Chapter: Probability

Paper

Paper 3: Quantitative Aptitude

Weightage

5-7 Marks

Key Topics

Probability Operations, Expected Value

A logic-heavy chapter dealing with random experiments, events (mutually exclusive, exhaustive), set theory probability, conditional probability, and Bayes' Theorem. It forms the basis for Theoretical Distributions.

View Official ICAI Syllabus

Exam Strategy Tip

Always draw a quick Venn Diagram or tree when faced with 'At least one' or 'Only A but not B' wording. It saves you from double-counting.

Key Concepts to Understand

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