Number Series, Coding and DecodingMCQPYQ Dec 23Question 2033 of 217
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Find the missing number $2, 3, 8, ?, 3968$ (hint: preceding number's square then minus 1)

Select Your Answer (Keyboard: A, B, C, D)
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Correct Answer

✅ Option d — 64

All Options:

  • A65
  • B63
  • C70
  • D64

Detailed Solution & Explanation

We are given the series: $2, 3, 8, ?, 3968<br>Let′sfollowthehint:"precedingnumber′ssquarethenminus1":<br><spanclass="katex−display"><spanclass="katex"><spanclass="katex−mathml"><mathxmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"display="block"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo>=</mo><msubsup><mi>x</mi><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><mn>2</mn></msubsup><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn><mspacewidth="1em"/><mtext>for </mtext><mi>n</mi><mo>≥</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow><annotationencoding="application/x−tex">xn=xn−12−1for n≥2</annotation></semantics></math></span><spanclass="katex−html"aria−hidden="true"><spanclass="base"><spanclass="strut"style="height:0.5806em;vertical−align:−0.15em;"></span><spanclass="mord"><spanclass="mordmathnormal">x</span><spanclass="msupsub"><spanclass="vlist−tvlist−t2"><spanclass="vlist−r"><spanclass="vlist"style="height:0.1514em;"><spanstyle="top:−2.55em;margin−left:0em;margin−right:0.05em;"><spanclass="pstrut"style="height:2.7em;"></span><spanclass="sizingreset−size6size3mtight"><spanclass="mordmathnormalmtight">n</span></span></span></span><spanclass="vlist−s">​</span></span><spanclass="vlist−r"><spanclass="vlist"style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2778em;"></span><spanclass="mrel">=</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2778em;"></span></span><spanclass="base"><spanclass="strut"style="height:1.1694em;vertical−align:−0.3053em;"></span><spanclass="mord"><spanclass="mordmathnormal">x</span><spanclass="msupsub"><spanclass="vlist−tvlist−t2"><spanclass="vlist−r"><spanclass="vlist"style="height:0.8641em;"><spanstyle="top:−2.453em;margin−left:0em;margin−right:0.05em;"><spanclass="pstrut"style="height:2.7em;"></span><spanclass="sizingreset−size6size3mtight"><spanclass="mordmtight"><spanclass="mordmathnormalmtight">n</span><spanclass="mbinmtight">−</span><spanclass="mordmtight">1</span></span></span></span><spanstyle="top:−3.113em;margin−right:0.05em;"><spanclass="pstrut"style="height:2.7em;"></span><spanclass="sizingreset−size6size3mtight"><spanclass="mordmtight">2</span></span></span></span><spanclass="vlist−s">​</span></span><spanclass="vlist−r"><spanclass="vlist"style="height:0.3053em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2222em;"></span><spanclass="mbin">−</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2222em;"></span></span><spanclass="base"><spanclass="strut"style="height:0.8304em;vertical−align:−0.136em;"></span><spanclass="mord">1</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:1em;"></span><spanclass="mordtext"><spanclass="mord">for </span></span><spanclass="mordmathnormal">n</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2778em;"></span><spanclass="mrel">≥</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2778em;"></span></span><spanclass="base"><spanclass="strut"style="height:0.6444em;"></span><spanclass="mord">2</span></span></span></span></span><br>Let′scalculate:<br>−\displaystyle <br>Let's follow the hint: "preceding number's square then minus 1":<br><span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo>=</mo><msubsup><mi>x</mi><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><mn>2</mn></msubsup><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn><mspace width="1em"/><mtext>for </mtext><mi>n</mi><mo>≥</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">x_n = x_{n-1}^2 - 1 \quad for \displaystyle \text{for } n ≥\displaystyle \ge 2</annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.5806em;vertical-align:-0.15em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal">x</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.1514em;"><span style="top:-2.55em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mathnormal mtight">n</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.15em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.1694em;vertical-align:-0.3053em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord mathnormal">x</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t vlist-t2"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8641em;"><span style="top:-2.453em;margin-left:0em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mathnormal mtight">n</span><span class="mbin mtight">−</span><span class="mord mtight">1</span></span></span></span><span style="top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">2</span></span></span></span><span class="vlist-s">​</span></span><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.3053em;"><span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em;"></span><span class="mbin">−</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.8304em;vertical-align:-0.136em;"></span><span class="mord">1</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:1em;"></span><span class="mord text"><span class="mord">for </span></span><span class="mord mathnormal">n</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span><span class="mrel">≥</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.6444em;"></span><span class="mord">2</span></span></span></span></span><br>Let's calculate:<br>-x_1 = 2<br>−\displaystyle <br>-x_2 = 2^2 - 1 = 3<br>−\displaystyle <br>-x_3 = 3^2 - 1 = 8<br>−\displaystyle <br>-x_4 = 8^2 - 1 = 63<br>−\displaystyle <br>-x_5 = 63^2 - 1 = 3969 - 1 = 3968\displaystyle <br>This mathematical derivation proves that the missing number is &#36;63.

**Discrepancy Note:**
The textbook's multiple-choice options are: A (65), B (63), C (70), D (64).
The answer key lists Option D (64) as correct. This is a typographical error in the textbook's key, likely due to squaring 8\displaystyle 8 and forgetting to subtract 1\displaystyle 1 (resulting in $64$ instead of $63$). Mathematically, the correct value is $63\displaystyle (Option B).<br>Hence, **Option D** is the correct answer (in accordance with the textbook's key, though mathematically the correct value is &#36;63).

About This Chapter: Number Series, Coding and Decoding

Paper

Paper 3: Quantitative Aptitude

Weightage

5 Marks

Key Topics

Number series, Coding & Decoding, Odd man out

This chapter covers Number series, Coding & Decoding, Odd man out and is part of Paper 3: Quantitative Aptitude in the CA Foundation exam.

View Official ICAI Syllabus

Exam Strategy Tip

This topic carries 5 Marks weightage. Focus on understanding core concepts rather than memorizing.

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