Sequence and SeriesMCQMTP Dec 22 Series IIQuestion 1807 of 213
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A man starts his job with a certain monthly salary and earns a fixed increment every year. If his salary was $1,500after\displaystyle after4$ years of service and $1,800$ after $10$ years of service, what was his starting salary and what is the annual increment in rupees?

Select Your Answer (Keyboard: A, B, C, D)
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Correct Answer

✅ Option a — $1,300, 50$

All Options:

  • A$1,300, 50$
  • B$1,100, 50$
  • C$1,500, 30$
  • DNone of these

Detailed Solution & Explanation

Let starting monthly salary be a\displaystyle a and the annual increment be d\displaystyle d.
Given:
1) Salary after 4\displaystyle 4 years: a+4d=1500\displaystyle a + 4d = 1500
2) Salary after $10years:\displaystyle years:a + 10d = 1800<br><br>Subtractingthefirstequationfromthesecond:<br><spanclass="katex−display"><spanclass="katex"><spanclass="katex−mathml"><mathxmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"display="block"><semantics><mrow><mn>6</mn><mi>d</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>300</mn><mtext>  </mtext><mo>⟹</mo><mtext>  </mtext><mi>d</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>50</mn></mrow><annotationencoding="application/x−tex">6d=300  ⟹  d=50</annotation></semantics></math></span><spanclass="katex−html"aria−hidden="true"><spanclass="base"><spanclass="strut"style="height:0.6944em;"></span><spanclass="mord">6</span><spanclass="mordmathnormal">d</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2778em;"></span><spanclass="mrel">=</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2778em;"></span></span><spanclass="base"><spanclass="strut"style="height:0.6684em;vertical−align:−0.024em;"></span><spanclass="mord">300</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2778em;"></span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2778em;"></span><spanclass="mrel">⟹</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2778em;"></span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2778em;"></span></span><spanclass="base"><spanclass="strut"style="height:0.6944em;"></span><spanclass="mordmathnormal">d</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2778em;"></span><spanclass="mrel">=</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2778em;"></span></span><spanclass="base"><spanclass="strut"style="height:0.6444em;"></span><spanclass="mord">50</span></span></span></span></span><br><br>Substitute\displaystyle <br><br>Subtracting the first equation from the second:<br><span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mn>6</mn><mi>d</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>300</mn><mtext>  </mtext><mo>⟹</mo><mtext>  </mtext><mi>d</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>50</mn></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">6d = 300 \implies d = 50</annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.6944em;"></span><span class="mord">6</span><span class="mord mathnormal">d</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.6684em;vertical-align:-0.024em;"></span><span class="mord">300</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span><span class="mrel">⟹</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.6944em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal">d</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.6444em;"></span><span class="mord">50</span></span></span></span></span><br><br>Substituted = 50\displaystyle into the first equation:<br><span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mi>a</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>4</mn><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>50</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo>=</mo><mn>1500</mn><mtext>  </mtext><mo>⟹</mo><mtext>  </mtext><mi>a</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>200</mn><mo>=</mo><mn>1500</mn><mtext>  </mtext><mo>⟹</mo><mtext>  </mtext><mi>a</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1300</mn></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">a + 4(50) = 1500 \implies a + 200 = 1500 \implies a = 1300</annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.6667em;vertical-align:-0.0833em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal">a</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mord">4</span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord">50</span><span class="mclose">)</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.6684em;vertical-align:-0.024em;"></span><span class="mord">1500</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span><span class="mrel">⟹</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.6667em;vertical-align:-0.0833em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal">a</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em;"></span><span class="mbin">+</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.6444em;"></span><span class="mord">200</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.6684em;vertical-align:-0.024em;"></span><span class="mord">1500</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span><span class="mrel">⟹</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.4306em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal">a</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.6444em;"></span><span class="mord">1300</span></span></span></span></span><br>So the starting salary was &#36;1,300 and the annual increment is $50$.
Hence, **Option A** is the correct answer.

About This Chapter: Sequence and Series

Paper

Paper 3: Quantitative Aptitude

Weightage

4-6 Marks

Key Topics

Arithmetic & Geometric Progressions

This chapter covers Arithmetic Progressions (AP) and Geometric Progressions (GP). Students learn how to find the nth term, sum of n terms, arithmetic/geometric means, and sum to infinity of a GP.

View Official ICAI Syllabus

Exam Strategy Tip

For complex 'sum of series' questions, a great hack is to substitute n = 1 and n = 2 into the question and the options to see which one matches, completely bypassing the formula.

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