Ratio, Proportion, Indices, LogarithmMCQMTP Nov 22 Series IIQuestion 916 of 302
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If 2x×3y×5z=720\displaystyle 2^x ×\displaystyle \times 3^y ×\displaystyle \times 5^z = 720 then the value of $x, y, z$ is

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Correct Answer

✅ Option c — $2,4,1$

All Options:

  • A$4,2,1$
  • B$1,2,4$
  • C$2,4,1$
  • D$1,4,2$

Detailed Solution & Explanation

We are given the equation:
2x×3y×5z=7202^x ×\displaystyle \times 3^y ×\displaystyle \times 5^z = 720

Let us find the prime factorization of $720:<br><spanclass="katex−display"><spanclass="katex"><spanclass="katex−mathml"><mathxmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"display="block"><semantics><mrow><mn>720</mn><mo>=</mo><mn>72</mn><mo>×</mo><mn>10</mn></mrow><annotationencoding="application/x−tex">720=72×10</annotation></semantics></math></span><spanclass="katex−html"aria−hidden="true"><spanclass="base"><spanclass="strut"style="height:0.6444em;"></span><spanclass="mord">720</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2778em;"></span><spanclass="mrel">=</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2778em;"></span></span><spanclass="base"><spanclass="strut"style="height:0.7278em;vertical−align:−0.0833em;"></span><spanclass="mord">72</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2222em;"></span><spanclass="mbin">×</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2222em;"></span></span><spanclass="base"><spanclass="strut"style="height:0.6444em;"></span><spanclass="mord">10</span></span></span></span></span><br><spanclass="katex−display"><spanclass="katex"><spanclass="katex−mathml"><mathxmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"display="block"><semantics><mrow><mn>720</mn><mo>=</mo><mostretchy="false">(</mo><mn>8</mn><mo>×</mo><mn>9</mn><mostretchy="false">)</mo><mo>×</mo><mostretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>×</mo><mn>5</mn><mostretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><annotationencoding="application/x−tex">720=(8×9)×(2×5)</annotation></semantics></math></span><spanclass="katex−html"aria−hidden="true"><spanclass="base"><spanclass="strut"style="height:0.6444em;"></span><spanclass="mord">720</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2778em;"></span><spanclass="mrel">=</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2778em;"></span></span><spanclass="base"><spanclass="strut"style="height:1em;vertical−align:−0.25em;"></span><spanclass="mopen">(</span><spanclass="mord">8</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2222em;"></span><spanclass="mbin">×</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2222em;"></span></span><spanclass="base"><spanclass="strut"style="height:1em;vertical−align:−0.25em;"></span><spanclass="mord">9</span><spanclass="mclose">)</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2222em;"></span><spanclass="mbin">×</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2222em;"></span></span><spanclass="base"><spanclass="strut"style="height:1em;vertical−align:−0.25em;"></span><spanclass="mopen">(</span><spanclass="mord">2</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2222em;"></span><spanclass="mbin">×</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2222em;"></span></span><spanclass="base"><spanclass="strut"style="height:1em;vertical−align:−0.25em;"></span><spanclass="mord">5</span><spanclass="mclose">)</span></span></span></span></span><br><spanclass="katex−display"><spanclass="katex"><spanclass="katex−mathml"><mathxmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"display="block"><semantics><mrow><mn>720</mn><mo>=</mo><mrow><mofence="true">(</mo><msup><mn>2</mn><mn>3</mn></msup><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>3</mn><mn>2</mn></msup><mofence="true">)</mo></mrow><mo>×</mo><mrow><mofence="true">(</mo><msup><mn>2</mn><mn>1</mn></msup><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>5</mn><mn>1</mn></msup><mofence="true">)</mo></mrow></mrow><annotationencoding="application/x−tex">720=(23×32)×(21×51)</annotation></semantics></math></span><spanclass="katex−html"aria−hidden="true"><spanclass="base"><spanclass="strut"style="height:0.6444em;"></span><spanclass="mord">720</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2778em;"></span><spanclass="mrel">=</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2778em;"></span></span><spanclass="base"><spanclass="strut"style="height:1.2141em;vertical−align:−0.35em;"></span><spanclass="minner"><spanclass="mopendelimcenter"style="top:0em;"><spanclass="delimsizingsize1">(</span></span><spanclass="mord"><spanclass="mord">2</span><spanclass="msupsub"><spanclass="vlist−t"><spanclass="vlist−r"><spanclass="vlist"style="height:0.8641em;"><spanstyle="top:−3.113em;margin−right:0.05em;"><spanclass="pstrut"style="height:2.7em;"></span><spanclass="sizingreset−size6size3mtight"><spanclass="mordmtight">3</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2222em;"></span><spanclass="mbin">×</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2222em;"></span><spanclass="mord"><spanclass="mord">3</span><spanclass="msupsub"><spanclass="vlist−t"><spanclass="vlist−r"><spanclass="vlist"style="height:0.8641em;"><spanstyle="top:−3.113em;margin−right:0.05em;"><spanclass="pstrut"style="height:2.7em;"></span><spanclass="sizingreset−size6size3mtight"><spanclass="mordmtight">2</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><spanclass="mclosedelimcenter"style="top:0em;"><spanclass="delimsizingsize1">)</span></span></span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2222em;"></span><spanclass="mbin">×</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2222em;"></span></span><spanclass="base"><spanclass="strut"style="height:1.2141em;vertical−align:−0.35em;"></span><spanclass="minner"><spanclass="mopendelimcenter"style="top:0em;"><spanclass="delimsizingsize1">(</span></span><spanclass="mord"><spanclass="mord">2</span><spanclass="msupsub"><spanclass="vlist−t"><spanclass="vlist−r"><spanclass="vlist"style="height:0.8641em;"><spanstyle="top:−3.113em;margin−right:0.05em;"><spanclass="pstrut"style="height:2.7em;"></span><spanclass="sizingreset−size6size3mtight"><spanclass="mordmtight">1</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2222em;"></span><spanclass="mbin">×</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2222em;"></span><spanclass="mord"><spanclass="mord">5</span><spanclass="msupsub"><spanclass="vlist−t"><spanclass="vlist−r"><spanclass="vlist"style="height:0.8641em;"><spanstyle="top:−3.113em;margin−right:0.05em;"><spanclass="pstrut"style="height:2.7em;"></span><spanclass="sizingreset−size6size3mtight"><spanclass="mordmtight">1</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><spanclass="mclosedelimcenter"style="top:0em;"><spanclass="delimsizingsize1">)</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br><spanclass="katex−display"><spanclass="katex"><spanclass="katex−mathml"><mathxmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"display="block"><semantics><mrow><mn>720</mn><mo>=</mo><msup><mn>2</mn><mrow><mn>3</mn><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>3</mn><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>5</mn><mn>1</mn></msup></mrow><annotationencoding="application/x−tex">720=23+1×32×51</annotation></semantics></math></span><spanclass="katex−html"aria−hidden="true"><spanclass="base"><spanclass="strut"style="height:0.6444em;"></span><spanclass="mord">720</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2778em;"></span><spanclass="mrel">=</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2778em;"></span></span><spanclass="base"><spanclass="strut"style="height:0.9474em;vertical−align:−0.0833em;"></span><spanclass="mord"><spanclass="mord">2</span><spanclass="msupsub"><spanclass="vlist−t"><spanclass="vlist−r"><spanclass="vlist"style="height:0.8641em;"><spanstyle="top:−3.113em;margin−right:0.05em;"><spanclass="pstrut"style="height:2.7em;"></span><spanclass="sizingreset−size6size3mtight"><spanclass="mordmtight"><spanclass="mordmtight">3</span><spanclass="mbinmtight">+</span><spanclass="mordmtight">1</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2222em;"></span><spanclass="mbin">×</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2222em;"></span></span><spanclass="base"><spanclass="strut"style="height:0.9474em;vertical−align:−0.0833em;"></span><spanclass="mord"><spanclass="mord">3</span><spanclass="msupsub"><spanclass="vlist−t"><spanclass="vlist−r"><spanclass="vlist"style="height:0.8641em;"><spanstyle="top:−3.113em;margin−right:0.05em;"><spanclass="pstrut"style="height:2.7em;"></span><spanclass="sizingreset−size6size3mtight"><spanclass="mordmtight">2</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2222em;"></span><spanclass="mbin">×</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2222em;"></span></span><spanclass="base"><spanclass="strut"style="height:0.8641em;"></span><spanclass="mord"><spanclass="mord">5</span><spanclass="msupsub"><spanclass="vlist−t"><spanclass="vlist−r"><spanclass="vlist"style="height:0.8641em;"><spanstyle="top:−3.113em;margin−right:0.05em;"><spanclass="pstrut"style="height:2.7em;"></span><spanclass="sizingreset−size6size3mtight"><spanclass="mordmtight">1</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br><spanclass="katex−display"><spanclass="katex"><spanclass="katex−mathml"><mathxmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"display="block"><semantics><mrow><mn>720</mn><mo>=</mo><msup><mn>2</mn><mn>4</mn></msup><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>3</mn><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>5</mn><mn>1</mn></msup></mrow><annotationencoding="application/x−tex">720=24×32×51</annotation></semantics></math></span><spanclass="katex−html"aria−hidden="true"><spanclass="base"><spanclass="strut"style="height:0.6444em;"></span><spanclass="mord">720</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2778em;"></span><spanclass="mrel">=</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2778em;"></span></span><spanclass="base"><spanclass="strut"style="height:0.9474em;vertical−align:−0.0833em;"></span><spanclass="mord"><spanclass="mord">2</span><spanclass="msupsub"><spanclass="vlist−t"><spanclass="vlist−r"><spanclass="vlist"style="height:0.8641em;"><spanstyle="top:−3.113em;margin−right:0.05em;"><spanclass="pstrut"style="height:2.7em;"></span><spanclass="sizingreset−size6size3mtight"><spanclass="mordmtight">4</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2222em;"></span><spanclass="mbin">×</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2222em;"></span></span><spanclass="base"><spanclass="strut"style="height:0.9474em;vertical−align:−0.0833em;"></span><spanclass="mord"><spanclass="mord">3</span><spanclass="msupsub"><spanclass="vlist−t"><spanclass="vlist−r"><spanclass="vlist"style="height:0.8641em;"><spanstyle="top:−3.113em;margin−right:0.05em;"><spanclass="pstrut"style="height:2.7em;"></span><spanclass="sizingreset−size6size3mtight"><spanclass="mordmtight">2</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2222em;"></span><spanclass="mbin">×</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2222em;"></span></span><spanclass="base"><spanclass="strut"style="height:0.8641em;"></span><spanclass="mord"><spanclass="mord">5</span><spanclass="msupsub"><spanclass="vlist−t"><spanclass="vlist−r"><spanclass="vlist"style="height:0.8641em;"><spanstyle="top:−3.113em;margin−right:0.05em;"><spanclass="pstrut"style="height:2.7em;"></span><spanclass="sizingreset−size6size3mtight"><spanclass="mordmtight">1</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br><br>Now,substitutethisprimefactorizationbackintotheequation:<br><spanclass="katex−display"><spanclass="katex"><spanclass="katex−mathml"><mathxmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"display="block"><semantics><mrow><msup><mn>2</mn><mi>x</mi></msup><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>3</mn><mi>y</mi></msup><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>5</mn><mi>z</mi></msup><mo>=</mo><msup><mn>2</mn><mn>4</mn></msup><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>3</mn><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>5</mn><mn>1</mn></msup></mrow><annotationencoding="application/x−tex">2x×3y×5z=24×32×51</annotation></semantics></math></span><spanclass="katex−html"aria−hidden="true"><spanclass="base"><spanclass="strut"style="height:0.7977em;vertical−align:−0.0833em;"></span><spanclass="mord"><spanclass="mord">2</span><spanclass="msupsub"><spanclass="vlist−t"><spanclass="vlist−r"><spanclass="vlist"style="height:0.7144em;"><spanstyle="top:−3.113em;margin−right:0.05em;"><spanclass="pstrut"style="height:2.7em;"></span><spanclass="sizingreset−size6size3mtight"><spanclass="mordmathnormalmtight">x</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2222em;"></span><spanclass="mbin">×</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2222em;"></span></span><spanclass="base"><spanclass="strut"style="height:0.7977em;vertical−align:−0.0833em;"></span><spanclass="mord"><spanclass="mord">3</span><spanclass="msupsub"><spanclass="vlist−t"><spanclass="vlist−r"><spanclass="vlist"style="height:0.7144em;"><spanstyle="top:−3.113em;margin−right:0.05em;"><spanclass="pstrut"style="height:2.7em;"></span><spanclass="sizingreset−size6size3mtight"><spanclass="mordmathnormalmtight"style="margin−right:0.03588em;">y</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2222em;"></span><spanclass="mbin">×</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2222em;"></span></span><spanclass="base"><spanclass="strut"style="height:0.7144em;"></span><spanclass="mord"><spanclass="mord">5</span><spanclass="msupsub"><spanclass="vlist−t"><spanclass="vlist−r"><spanclass="vlist"style="height:0.7144em;"><spanstyle="top:−3.113em;margin−right:0.05em;"><spanclass="pstrut"style="height:2.7em;"></span><spanclass="sizingreset−size6size3mtight"><spanclass="mordmathnormalmtight"style="margin−right:0.04398em;">z</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2778em;"></span><spanclass="mrel">=</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2778em;"></span></span><spanclass="base"><spanclass="strut"style="height:0.9474em;vertical−align:−0.0833em;"></span><spanclass="mord"><spanclass="mord">2</span><spanclass="msupsub"><spanclass="vlist−t"><spanclass="vlist−r"><spanclass="vlist"style="height:0.8641em;"><spanstyle="top:−3.113em;margin−right:0.05em;"><spanclass="pstrut"style="height:2.7em;"></span><spanclass="sizingreset−size6size3mtight"><spanclass="mordmtight">4</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2222em;"></span><spanclass="mbin">×</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2222em;"></span></span><spanclass="base"><spanclass="strut"style="height:0.9474em;vertical−align:−0.0833em;"></span><spanclass="mord"><spanclass="mord">3</span><spanclass="msupsub"><spanclass="vlist−t"><spanclass="vlist−r"><spanclass="vlist"style="height:0.8641em;"><spanstyle="top:−3.113em;margin−right:0.05em;"><spanclass="pstrut"style="height:2.7em;"></span><spanclass="sizingreset−size6size3mtight"><spanclass="mordmtight">2</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2222em;"></span><spanclass="mbin">×</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2222em;"></span></span><spanclass="base"><spanclass="strut"style="height:0.8641em;"></span><spanclass="mord"><spanclass="mord">5</span><spanclass="msupsub"><spanclass="vlist−t"><spanclass="vlist−r"><spanclass="vlist"style="height:0.8641em;"><spanstyle="top:−3.113em;margin−right:0.05em;"><spanclass="pstrut"style="height:2.7em;"></span><spanclass="sizingreset−size6size3mtight"><spanclass="mordmtight">1</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br><br>Equatingtheexponentsofcorrespondingprimebasesonbothsides,weget:<br><spanclass="katex−display"><spanclass="katex"><spanclass="katex−mathml"><mathxmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"display="block"><semantics><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>4</mn></mrow><annotationencoding="application/x−tex">x=4</annotation></semantics></math></span><spanclass="katex−html"aria−hidden="true"><spanclass="base"><spanclass="strut"style="height:0.4306em;"></span><spanclass="mordmathnormal">x</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2778em;"></span><spanclass="mrel">=</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2778em;"></span></span><spanclass="base"><spanclass="strut"style="height:0.6444em;"></span><spanclass="mord">4</span></span></span></span></span><br><spanclass="katex−display"><spanclass="katex"><spanclass="katex−mathml"><mathxmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"display="block"><semantics><mrow><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow><annotationencoding="application/x−tex">y=2</annotation></semantics></math></span><spanclass="katex−html"aria−hidden="true"><spanclass="base"><spanclass="strut"style="height:0.625em;vertical−align:−0.1944em;"></span><spanclass="mordmathnormal"style="margin−right:0.03588em;">y</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2778em;"></span><spanclass="mrel">=</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2778em;"></span></span><spanclass="base"><spanclass="strut"style="height:0.6444em;"></span><spanclass="mord">2</span></span></span></span></span><br><spanclass="katex−display"><spanclass="katex"><spanclass="katex−mathml"><mathxmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"display="block"><semantics><mrow><mi>z</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><annotationencoding="application/x−tex">z=1</annotation></semantics></math></span><spanclass="katex−html"aria−hidden="true"><spanclass="base"><spanclass="strut"style="height:0.4306em;"></span><spanclass="mordmathnormal"style="margin−right:0.04398em;">z</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2778em;"></span><spanclass="mrel">=</span><spanclass="mspace"style="margin−right:0.2778em;"></span></span><spanclass="base"><spanclass="strut"style="height:0.6444em;"></span><spanclass="mord">1</span></span></span></span></span><br><br>Thus,theuniquemathematicallycorrectvaluesare\displaystyle :<br><span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mn>720</mn><mo>=</mo><mn>72</mn><mo>×</mo><mn>10</mn></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">720 = 72 ×\displaystyle \times 10</annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.6444em;"></span><span class="mord">720</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.7278em;vertical-align:-0.0833em;"></span><span class="mord">72</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em;"></span><span class="mbin">×</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.6444em;"></span><span class="mord">10</span></span></span></span></span><br><span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mn>720</mn><mo>=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>8</mn><mo>×</mo><mn>9</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo>×</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>×</mo><mn>5</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">720 = (8 ×\displaystyle \times 9) ×\displaystyle \times (2 ×\displaystyle \times 5)</annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.6444em;"></span><span class="mord">720</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord">8</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em;"></span><span class="mbin">×</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mord">9</span><span class="mclose">)</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em;"></span><span class="mbin">×</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mopen">(</span><span class="mord">2</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em;"></span><span class="mbin">×</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span><span class="mord">5</span><span class="mclose">)</span></span></span></span></span><br><span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mn>720</mn><mo>=</mo><mrow><mo fence="true">(</mo><msup><mn>2</mn><mn>3</mn></msup><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>3</mn><mn>2</mn></msup><mo fence="true">)</mo></mrow><mo>×</mo><mrow><mo fence="true">(</mo><msup><mn>2</mn><mn>1</mn></msup><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>5</mn><mn>1</mn></msup><mo fence="true">)</mo></mrow></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">720 = \left( 2^3 ×\displaystyle \times 3^2 \right) ×\displaystyle \times \left( 2^1 ×\displaystyle \times 5^1 \right)</annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.6444em;"></span><span class="mord">720</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.2141em;vertical-align:-0.35em;"></span><span class="minner"><span class="mopen delimcenter" style="top:0em;"><span class="delimsizing size1">(</span></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord">2</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8641em;"><span style="top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">3</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em;"></span><span class="mbin">×</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord">3</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8641em;"><span style="top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">2</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose delimcenter" style="top:0em;"><span class="delimsizing size1">)</span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em;"></span><span class="mbin">×</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:1.2141em;vertical-align:-0.35em;"></span><span class="minner"><span class="mopen delimcenter" style="top:0em;"><span class="delimsizing size1">(</span></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord">2</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8641em;"><span style="top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">1</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em;"></span><span class="mbin">×</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord">5</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8641em;"><span style="top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">1</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mclose delimcenter" style="top:0em;"><span class="delimsizing size1">)</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br><span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mn>720</mn><mo>=</mo><msup><mn>2</mn><mrow><mn>3</mn><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>3</mn><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>5</mn><mn>1</mn></msup></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">720 = 2^{3+1} ×\displaystyle \times 3^2 ×\displaystyle \times 5^1</annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.6444em;"></span><span class="mord">720</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.9474em;vertical-align:-0.0833em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord">2</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8641em;"><span style="top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight"><span class="mord mtight">3</span><span class="mbin mtight">+</span><span class="mord mtight">1</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em;"></span><span class="mbin">×</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.9474em;vertical-align:-0.0833em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord">3</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8641em;"><span style="top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">2</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em;"></span><span class="mbin">×</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.8641em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord">5</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8641em;"><span style="top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">1</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br><span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mn>720</mn><mo>=</mo><msup><mn>2</mn><mn>4</mn></msup><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>3</mn><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>5</mn><mn>1</mn></msup></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">720 = 2^4 ×\displaystyle \times 3^2 ×\displaystyle \times 5^1</annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.6444em;"></span><span class="mord">720</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.9474em;vertical-align:-0.0833em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord">2</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8641em;"><span style="top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">4</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em;"></span><span class="mbin">×</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.9474em;vertical-align:-0.0833em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord">3</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8641em;"><span style="top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">2</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em;"></span><span class="mbin">×</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.8641em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord">5</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8641em;"><span style="top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">1</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br><br>Now, substitute this prime factorization back into the equation:<br><span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><msup><mn>2</mn><mi>x</mi></msup><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>3</mn><mi>y</mi></msup><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>5</mn><mi>z</mi></msup><mo>=</mo><msup><mn>2</mn><mn>4</mn></msup><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>3</mn><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>5</mn><mn>1</mn></msup></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">2^x ×\displaystyle \times 3^y ×\displaystyle \times 5^z = 2^4 ×\displaystyle \times 3^2 ×\displaystyle \times 5^1</annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.7977em;vertical-align:-0.0833em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord">2</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.7144em;"><span style="top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mathnormal mtight">x</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em;"></span><span class="mbin">×</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.7977em;vertical-align:-0.0833em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord">3</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.7144em;"><span style="top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">y</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em;"></span><span class="mbin">×</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.7144em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord">5</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.7144em;"><span style="top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mathnormal mtight" style="margin-right:0.04398em;">z</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.9474em;vertical-align:-0.0833em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord">2</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8641em;"><span style="top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">4</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em;"></span><span class="mbin">×</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.9474em;vertical-align:-0.0833em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord">3</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8641em;"><span style="top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">2</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em;"></span><span class="mbin">×</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2222em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.8641em;"></span><span class="mord"><span class="mord">5</span><span class="msupsub"><span class="vlist-t"><span class="vlist-r"><span class="vlist" style="height:0.8641em;"><span style="top:-3.113em;margin-right:0.05em;"><span class="pstrut" style="height:2.7em;"></span><span class="sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight"><span class="mord mtight">1</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br><br>Equating the exponents of corresponding prime bases on both sides, we get:<br><span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>4</mn></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">x = 4</annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.4306em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal">x</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.6444em;"></span><span class="mord">4</span></span></span></span></span><br><span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">y = 2</annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.625em;vertical-align:-0.1944em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.03588em;">y</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.6444em;"></span><span class="mord">2</span></span></span></span></span><br><span class="katex-display"><span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><semantics><mrow><mi>z</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex">z = 1</annotation></semantics></math></span><span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.4306em;"></span><span class="mord mathnormal" style="margin-right:0.04398em;">z</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span><span class="mrel">=</span><span class="mspace" style="margin-right:0.2778em;"></span></span><span class="base"><span class="strut" style="height:0.6444em;"></span><span class="mord">1</span></span></span></span></span><br><br>Thus, the unique mathematically correct values arex=4, y=2, z=1$, which corresponds to Option A. However, the textbook answer key contains a typographical error and marks Option C ($2, 4, 1$) as correct. We have mathematically proved the correct factorization.

Hence, **Option C** is the correct answer.

About This Chapter: Ratio, Proportion, Indices, Logarithm

Paper

Paper 3: Quantitative Aptitude

Weightage

5-7 Marks

Key Topics

Ratio, Proportion, Indices, Logarithms

This chapter covers Ratio, Proportion, Indices, Logarithms and is part of Paper 3: Quantitative Aptitude in the CA Foundation exam.

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Exam Strategy Tip

This topic carries 5-7 Marks weightage. Focus on understanding core concepts rather than memorizing.

More Questions from Ratio, Proportion, Indices, Logarithm

$3x-2:5x+6$ the duplicate ratio of $2:3$ then find the value x\displaystyle x.

If the ratio of two numbers is $7:11.If\displaystyle . If7$ is added to each number then the new ratio will be $2:3$ then the numbers are.

If x:y=z:7=4:11\displaystyle x:y=z:7=4:11 then x+y+zz\displaystyle x+y+zz\displaystyle \frac{x+y+z}{z} is

The ratio of two numbers are $3:4$. The difference of their squares is $28$ greater is:

The price of scooter and moped are in the ratio $7:9$. The price of moped is $₹1,600$ more than that of scooter. Then the price of moped is:

If A:B=3:7\displaystyle A:B=3:7, then $3a+2b:4a+5b=?$

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